Influence of STM measurements on vacancies in graphene

The formation of vacancies in graphene leads to three surprising features.

Additional zero energy modes, accumulated stable charge and violation of par-

ity symmetry. These three features appear experimentally. Surprisingly the

location of the additional energy modes slightly deviates from the expected zero

energy. In this talk we will relate this shift to the tunneling interaction term (be-

tween the sample and the measurement STM device) and show how to describe

it analytically. Furthermore, we will emphasis the advantages of our calcula-

tion with respect to the standard 'text book' tunneling conductance expression.

Finally, we will introduce future problems related to time dependent voltage

pulses.